A Meta-Analysis of the Research on Differences in Work Values of Different Human Resource Generations

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Prof, Faculty of Management, Sattari Aerial University, Tehran ,Iran.

2 Ph.D.Student Public Management- Human Resource Management, Faculty of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Ph.D Candidate in development management, Faculty of management, Tehran university, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

One of the most fundamental challenges facing human resources management is generation diversity. Accordingly, the present study clarified the difference in generations’ work values and the effects of them in the workplace by quantitatively combining results of related researches. This research is an applied one in terms of purpose and a descriptive study in terms of research type. The statistical population included 135 external and internal papers, in which 20 papers were entered in meta-analysis process using judgmental method. Identification reliability was obtained through the agreement of the referees in the selection and classification of researches. The coding reliability was obtained through the agreement of the referees on the use of specific concepts for encoding variables, and the significance of the level and the size of the effect reliability was obtained through an agreement in measuring the effect size between the two meta-analyzers. By analyzing each generation data using CMA2 software, the results showed that work values are distinct among different generations.

Keywords


دانش، پروانه؛ ذاکری نصرآبادی، زهرا و عبداللهی، عظیم‌السادات (1393). تحلیل جامعه‌شناختی شکاف نسلی در ایران. پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، سال پنجم، شماره سوم: 1–30.
قاضی طباطبایی، محمود و دادهیر، ابوعلی (1389). فراتحلیل در پژوهش‌های اجتماعی و رفتاری، تهران: دفتر مطالعات اجتماعی و فرهنگی شهرداری تهران، چاپ اول.
قلی‌نژاد چاری، محسن (1395). مقایسه تفاوت‌های نسلی میان ارزش‌های محیط کاری منابع انسانی در بانک ملی و بانک رفاه، به راهنمایی: دکتر میرعلی سیدنقوی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد رشته مدیریت دولتی، گرایش منابع انسانی.
Amayah, A. T. & Gedro, J. (2014). Understanding generational diversity: Strategic human resource management and development across the generational “divide.” New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development, 26(2), 36–48.
Becker, L. A. (2000). Effect Size Measures for Two Independent Groups 1. In Effect Size (pp. 3–10).
Benson, J. & Brown, M. (2011). Generations at work : are there differences and do they matter ? .The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(9), 1843–1865.
Buonocore, F., Russo, M. & Ferrara, M. (2015). Work – family conflict and job insecurity : are workers from different generations experiencing true differences ?. Community, Work & Family, 37–41.
Cennamo, L. & Gardner, D. (2008). Generational differences in work values , outcomes and person-organisation values fit. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(8), 891–906.
Chen, P. & Choi, Y. (2008). Generational differences in work values : a study of hospitality management. Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 20(6), 595–615.
Cogin, J. (2012). Are generational differences in work values fact or fiction ? Multi-country evidence and implications. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(11), 2268–2294.
Crumpacker, M. & Crumpacker, J. M. (2007). Succession Planning and Generational Stereotypes: Should HR Consider Age-Based Values and Attitudes a Relevant Factor or a Passing Fad?. Public Personnel Management, 36(4), 349–369.
Dencker, J. C., Joshi, A. & Martocchio, J. J. (2008). Towards a theoretical framework linking generational memories to workplace attitudes and behaviors. Human Resource Management Review, 18(3), 180–187.
Egri, C. P. & Ralston, D. A. (2004). China and the United States Generation Cohorts and Personal Values : A Comparison of China and the United States. Organization Science, 15(2), 210–220.
 Eletter, S., Sulieman, M. & Alnaji, L. (2017). Generational Diversity and Work Values. Journal of Hotel & Business Management, 6(1), 1–5.
Elizur, D. (1984). Facets of Work Values : A Structural Analysis of Work Outcomes. Jourlan of Applied Psychology, 69(3), 379–389.
 
Frieze, I. H., Olson, J. E., Murrell, A. J. & Selvan, M. S. (2006). Work Values and Their Effect on Work Behavior and Work Outcomes in Female and Male Managers. Sex Roles, 54(1/2).
Glass, A. (2007a). Understanding generational differences for competitive success. Industrial and Commercial Training, 39(2), 98–103.
Glass, A. (2007b). Understanding generational differences for competitive success. Industrial and Commercial Training, 39(2), 98–103.
Gursoy, D., Maier, T. A. & Chi, C. G. (2008). Generational differences : An examination of work values and generational gaps in the hospitality workforce. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27, 448–458.
Hauw, S. De. & Vos, A. De. (2010). Millennials ’ Career Perspective and Psychological Contract Expectations : Does the Recession Lead to Lowered Expectations ?. Bus Psychol, 25, 293–302.
Kayacan, E., Akman, S., Bektas, H. & Tirasoglu, M. (2016). Job Satisfaction : An Emprical Investigation Of Scholars In Turkish. Jornal of Applied Research in France and Economics, 2(1), 8–17.
Kowske, B. J., Rasch, R. & Wiley, J. (2010). Millennials ’ ( Lack of ) Attitude Problem : An Empirical Examination of Generational Effects on Work Attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(2), 265–279.
Lyons, S. T. & Duxbuky, L. (2007). An Emprical Assessment Of Generatonal Differences In Basic Human Values. Sychological Reports, 103, 339–352.
Meriac, J. P., Woehr, D. J., Banister, C., Meriac, J. P., Woehr, D. J. & Banister, C. (2010). Generational Differences in Work Ethic: An Examination of Measurement Equivalence Across Three Cohorts. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(2), 315–324.
Ming, S. & Tam, H. L. (2014). Generational Differences in Work Values , Perceived Job Rewards , and Job Satisfaction of Chinese Female Migrant Workers : Implications for Social Policy and Social Services. Journal of Social Indicators Research, 118(3), 1315-1332.
Netto, B. D. (2009). Generation Y : Human Resource Management Implications, Charles Sturt University.
Palicka, O. (2016). Generational Differences in Work Values and Job Satisfaction, Erasmus University Rotterdam Erasmus.
Petroulas, E., Brown, D. & Sundin, H. (2010). Generational characteristics and their impact on preference for management control systems. Australian Accounting Review, 20(3), 221–240.
Pontet, S. B. De., Wrosch, C. & Gagne, M. (2007). An Exploration of the Generational Differences in Levels of Control Held Among. Family Business Review, XX(4), 337–354.
Redditt, J., Gregory, A. M. & Ro, H. (2017). An Examination of Organizational Commitment and Intention to Stay in the Timeshare Industry : Variations Across Generations in the Workplace An Examination of Organizational Commitment and. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 0(0), 1–20.
Sawilowsky, S. S. (2009). New Effect Size Rules of Thumb. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods Article, 8(2), 597–599.
Schwartz, S. H. (1999). A Theory of Cultural Values and Some Implications for Work. Applied Psychology, 48(1), 23–47.
Smola, K. W. E. Y. & Sutton, C. D. (2002). Generational differences : revisiting generational work values for the new millennium. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 363–382.
Sprague, C. (2008). The Silent Generation meets Generation Y: How to manage a four generation workforce with panache. Human Capital Institute White , 1-15.
Tolbize, A. (2008). Generational differences in the workplace. Research and Training Center on Community Liviing, 4(3), 1–8.
Twenge, J. M. (2010). A Review of the Empirical Evidence on Generational Differences in Work Attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25, 201–210.
VanderVen, K. (2004). Adults are still needed! Intergenerational and mentoring activities. Reclaiming Children and Youth, 13(2), 94–102.
Wong, M., Gardiner, E., Lang, W. & Coulon, L. (2008). Generational differences in personality and motivation Do they exist and what are the implications for. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(8), 878–890.
Young, S. J., Sturts, J. R., Ross, C. M. & Kim, K. T. (2013
Generational differences and job satisfaction in leisure services. Managing Leisure, 18(2), 152–170.